Abandoned tube stations, secret bunkers, subterranean passageways – London’s got it all. Always wanted to explore a cave? Look no further as London offers a unique glimpse into the city’s man-made and natural formations without traveling across the world. From the vast network of tunnels at Chislehurst Caves, which have served various purposes from chalk mining to wartime shelters, to the enchanting Crystal Grotto at Painshill Park, adorned with sparkling crystals and bubbling water, each site offers a distinct experience. Whether you’re a history enthusiast, an art lover, or simply seeking an adventure, these caves and grottos provide a captivating journey into the depths of London’s rich heritage.
1. Chislehurst Caves
Chislehurst Caves are a labyrinth of man-made tunnels carved out over hundreds of years. It is a sprawling network of tunnels covering the area of six rugby fields. These man-made caves, with origins possibly dating back to Roman times, were excavated over centuries for chalk and flint. The caves have a rich history, having served as an ammunition store, mushroom farm, and a bomb shelter during World War II, where they housed up to 15,000 civilians. In the 1960s, the caves became a unique concert venue for legendary artists like the Rolling Stones and Jimi Hendrix. Today, they are a popular tourist attraction offering guided lamp-lit tours through the mysterious passageways.
Address: Caveside Close, Old Hill, Chislehurst, BR7 5NL
Nearest Train Station: Chislehurst Railway Station, approximately 30 minutes by train from London Bridge
2. Crystal Grotto at Painshill Park
The Crystal Grotto at Painshill Park is a stunning man-made grotto featuring shimmering, bubbling water, rough rocks, and stalactites covered in sparkling crystals. Created in the 18th century, this magical grotto offers a captivating experience for visitors, with shafts of light illuminating the crystals and creating a mesmerising effect. The grotto is part of the larger landscape of Painshill Park, which also includes beautiful gardens and a lake.
Address: Painshill, Cobham, KT11 1BE
Nearest Train Station: Weybridge Station, followed by a bus ride on the C1 bus to the fire station
3. Reigate Caves
Reigate Caves, located in Surrey, are primarily old sand mines. The caves offer a fascinating underground experience, with guided tours available for Baron’s Caves, which were once part of a castle dungeon. Nearby Tunnel Road Caves, known for their historical significance, are also worth visiting.
Address: Reigate, Surrey
Nearest Train Station: Reigate Station, accessible by train from Victoria Station in less than an hour
4. Pope’s Grotto
Pope’s Grotto, built by the 18th-century poet Alexander Pope, is located in the south-west of London in Twickenham. The grotto is adorned with colourful mosaics, stalactites, and sparkling features, showcasing the intricate work that went into its construction. Restoration efforts began in 2015 to preserve this historical site.
Address: Radnor House School, Twickenham
Nearest Train Station: Twickenham Station, approximately 40 minutes from Waterloo Station
5. Shell Grotto
The Shell Grotto in Margate was discovered in 1835, the grotto features approximately 4.6 million shells meticulously arranged in intricate mosaics across its walls and ceilings. Spanning about 2,000 square feet, these mosaics form a series of geometric patterns and symbols that have captivated visitors and historians alike. The origins and purpose of the Shell Grotto remain shrouded in mystery. Some theories suggest it was a place of worship or a meeting spot for a secret society, while others propose it was a folly created by a wealthy individual. Visitors to the grotto can explore its winding passages, which lead to a central chamber known as “the Altar,” adorned with more complex shell designs.
Address: Grotto Hill, Margate, Kent, CT9 2BU, United Kingdom
Nearest Train Station: Margate Railway Station, which is about a 20-minute walk from the grotto.